Car and house warmer



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN Q. G. SEARLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CAR AND HOUSE WARMER.

:"Q'LEGEFECATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,825, dated April 27, 1886.

Application filed December 3, 1883. Serial N0.113,-i80. (Nomodc-I.)

T0 aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN Q. G. SEARLE, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of "Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car and House \Varmers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to hot-water warming apparatus for railway-coaches and other purposes, and is in the nature of an improvement upon a certain invention for which Letters Patent of the United States were granted to me January 18, 1881.

My invention has for its object the construction of certain special fittings for the connection of the heating-coil and several members of the system of circulation hot-water pipes, whereby the operation of the apparatus and the warming of the coach are materially improved; and it consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts hereinafter dea building, showing the application of certain portions of my present improvement to the warming of houses.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts.

Ais the body of the coach; B, the stove, usually placed in one end of the coach; 0, the heating-coil, into the lower leg, 0 of which the cool water from the returns is received, then heated, and finally discharged through the leg 0 into the respective systems of circulation-pipes.

D is the pipe taking water from the heating-coil to the short circuit leading to the radiators under the seats upon the side of the coach next the stove, and D the return-pipe for the same circuit, taking the cooled water from the radiators back to the heating-coil.

E is the pipe taking water from the heating-coil to thelong circuit leading to the radiators under the seats upon the side of coach opposite to the stove, and E the return-pipe conducting the cooled water from the radiators back to the heating-coil.

The pipes D and D and the connected radiators of the short circuit and the pipes E and E and the connected radiators of the long circuit constitute the double circulation.

F is a pipe leading to the expansion-chamber F, and connecting said expansion-chamber with the heating-coil through the fittings G G and short nipple C The expansionchamber F is provided with the usual cock,

f, nozzle f, and relief-valvef to avoid overpressure.

G G are what I term special fittings, and consist, in the illustration, ofTs in the branch of fitting G, of which I cast a diaphragm, g, as shown in section in Fig. 3, through which diaphragm an orifice, g, is cored or drilled, and in the run of fitting G, I cast a diaphragm, 9', provided with an orifice, 9 The orifice g in fitting G is so proportioned (in relation to the orifice of pipe E) to thelength of short circuit I) D and connected radiators and to the difference of heads on pipes D and E as to cause the same amount of hotwater to pass through the short circuit as flows into pipe E and around the long circuit.

In the construction ofhot-water warming apparatus for railway-coaches it is desirable to have pipes 1) I E E and coil 0 of uniform diameters, whence if fitting G were unprovided with the diaphragm g and reduced orifice g considerably more water would pass from the coil 0 through the short circuit than through the long circuit, whereas by giving the orifice g the proper area in relation to area of pipe E equal quantities of water are caused to flow through the two circuits, respectively. The reduced opening in fitting G connects the coil 0 (as before mentioned) with the expansion-chamber F, whereby the efflux of water at increased temperature from the coil 0 and system of circulation-pipes to the expansionchamber and return of water from the expansion-chamber to the coil 0 and system of circulation pipes to supply a reduction of volume by diminution of temperature or by leakage are provided for. The orifice 9 also permits the escape of vapor and air-bubbles Lil from the coil 0 upward into the expansionchamber F.

II is a pump connected with the lower leg of the coil G for supplying water to the coil and circulation-pipes while the coach is in motion, the novelty and functions of which are made the subject-matter of another application for patent contemporaneous with this, Serial No. 113,478.

I is the bifurcated fitting shown in section in Fig. 4, provided with a central diaphragm or fixed tongue,t',which maintains theintegrity of the respective returns from pipe D E until they are fairly discharged into nipple 2" which is connected to the lower leg of coil G through elbow I.

The peculiar construction of the fitting I is such that I am enabled to work two separate circuits of hot water with one heatiug-coil-a result, so far as I am aware, never heretofore accomplished in railway-cars.

The fitting I is equivalent to two elbows placed back to back with a single threaded orifice upon the upper side and two threaded orifices disposed -equally right and left of the central diaphragm, t.

The general operation of the apparatus, so far as it relates to the heating of the water in the coil 0 and transfer of it (water) around the coach, is so fully described in my previhot water and to the heads on said orifices,

the greater the head the smaller the orifices, and the greater the length of circulation and number of radiators the larger the orifices, and vice versa, in the several circuits D of this figure.

By the omission of fitting G and pipes D D, and the substitution of a common elbow for the fitting I, a single circuit of hot water entirely around the car may be maintained, the action being substantially the same as for what is termed the long circuit in my former patent mentioned.

I am aware that prior to my invention a T- coupling has been constructed with an internal curved diaphragm for dividing it current of steam or other fluid; but such feature is not broadly claimed by me.

Having described my invention, what I claim, is-

1. The combination of fittings G G, provided with diaphragms g g and orifices g g", with the coil 0 and leading-pipes D and E and expansion chamber F of a hot-water warming apparatus for railway-cars,when arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of coil ('1, fittings G G, having the perforated diaphragms g and the elbow I, with the pipes D D and E E, constituting the short and long circuits of a hot water warming apparatus for railway-cars, when arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination of fitting G, provided with a diaphragm, g and orifice 9 with the coil 0, expansionehamber F, pipes E E, and the customary heat-radiators under the carseats,to form a single circuit for the hot water JOHN Q. G. SEARLE.

\Vitn esses:

Josnrrr IV. SIMS, CHAS. ANDERSON. 

